Selenium Page Object Model Interview Questions
Selenium Page Object Model Interview Questions
Selenium Page Object Model Interview Questions
Selenium Page Object Model is a popular design pattern used in automation testing, particularly with Selenium WebDriver. It helps to organize and maintain code in a more modular and reusable way, making the test scripts easier to develop and maintain. Some common interview questions about Page Object Model may include: What is Page Object Model and how does it work? How is it different from other design patterns? What are the advantages of using Page Object Model? How do you identify and initialize elements using Page Object Model? How do you handle dynamic elements in Page Object Model? How do you handle synchronization issues in Page Object Model? How do you handle cross-browser testing? What is the role of Page Factory in Page Object Model? Overall, these questions aim to assess the candidate's knowledge and understanding of the Page Object Model and how they can apply it in their automation testing projects.
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1 - What is Page Object Model (POM)?
POM is a design pattern used in software testing to create object oriented representations of web pages or user interfaces. It helps in creating a more structured and maintainable test automation framework by separating the UI elements and test methods from each other.
2) Why is POM preferred over other testing frameworks?
POM offers many benefits such as increased code reusability, improved maintainability, and better readability of test cases. It also promotes the concept of single responsibility, where the objects represent each page or UI element, making it easier to update or modify specific functionalities without impacting other parts of the code.
3) How do you initialize an object in POM?
To initialize an object in POM, we use the constructor method. This method takes the WebDriver driver as an argument and uses it to instantiate the web elements on a particular page. This helps in reducing code duplication and promotes code reusability.
4) What is the purpose of a PageFactory class?
PageFactory class is used to initialize web elements on a page using annotations such as @FindBy and @FindBys. This makes it easier to locate elements and perform actions on them without having to use the traditional approach of writing locators.
5) How do you handle dynamic elements in POM?
We can use the @FindBy annotation with the “or” keyword to handle dynamic elements in POM. This allows us to define multiple locators for the same element and the webdriver will try to find the element using each of the locators until it is successful.
6) What are the different types of locators supported by POM?
POM supports various types of locators such as ID, class name, name, XPath, CSS selector, link text, and partial link text.
7) What is the significance of the “PageFactory.initElements” method?
The “PageFactory.initElements” method initializes all the webelements defined in the page class using the driver instance passed as an argument. This enables us to use the webelements directly without explicitly declaring or initializing them.
8) How do you handle multiple windows in POM?
To handle multiple windows in POM, we can use the driver.getWindowHandles() method to get a set of window handles and then switch between them using the switchTo().window() method.
9) How do you handle frames in POM?
We can handle frames in POM by using the driver.switchTo().frame() method, specifying the frame element as an argument.
10) What is the use of assertions in POM?
Assertions help in verifying the expected results of a test case. We can use assertions to verify if a particular web element is present, enabled, visible, or has the expected text or value.
11) What are the advantages of using POM in test automation?
POM provides a structured approach to test automation, making it easier to create and maintain automated tests. It also helps in reducing the amount of code duplication, improving code readability, and increasing test coverage.
12) How do you handle test data in POM?
We can handle test data in POM by creating a separate class or package for test data and then accessing it in the test cases using the Page Object Model design.
13) What is the role of a Base page class in POM?
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A Base page class contains common methods and functionalities that are used across multiple pages in a web application. It helps in promoting code reusability and saves time and effort in writing duplicate code.
14) How do you handle synchronization issues in POM?
In POM, we can handle synchronization issues by using implicit and explicit waits. Implicit waits wait for a specified amount of time for an element to appear on the page, whereas explicit waits can wait for a specific condition to be met before proceeding with the test.
15) How do you maintain POM in a dynamic application?
To maintain POM in a dynamic application, we can regularly review and update the objects and their locators according to any changes in the application. We can also implement design patterns like the Page Object Factory to improve maintainability.
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