Java Spring Boot Interview Questions For 5 Years Experience
Expert-level Java Spring Boot Interview Questions for Professionals with 5 Years of Experience
Java Spring Boot is a popular framework used for developing web and enterprise applications. As a Java developer with 5 years of experience, you will be expected to have a thorough understanding of this framework. During an interview, you may be asked various questions related to Spring Boot. Some common questions for 5 years experience may include topics such as the basics of Spring Boot, its features, configuration, annotations, dependency management, error handling, and security. You may also be asked about your experience in working with microservices architecture, database integration, and building RESTful APIs using Spring Boot. It is essential to have a strong conceptual understanding of Spring Boot and be able to provide real-world examples to showcase your skills. Additionally, it is essential to be familiar with the latest updates and trends in Spring Boot to stay ahead in the competition.
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1 - What is Spring Boot and how is it different from Spring Framework?
(Spring Boot is an open-source Java framework used to create stand-alone, production-grade web applications quickly and easily. It provides a simpler and faster way to configure and launch Spring-based applications, compared to traditional Spring Framework which requires a lot of manual configuration.)
2) What is the main advantage of using Spring Boot?
(The main advantage is its auto-configuration feature, where the framework automatically configures and sets up the dependencies based on the project's needs. This greatly reduces the time and effort required for manual configuration.)
3) What is the difference between Spring Boot Auto-configuration and Spring Boot Starter?
(Spring Boot Auto-configuration automatically configures the dependencies needed for the project, while Spring Boot Starter provides a set of dependencies to be added to the project's classpath.)
4) How do you implement security in a Spring Boot application?
(Spring Boot provides the Spring Security module, which can be easily integrated to implement security features such as authentication, authorization, and role-based access control.)
5) What is the use of the @SpringBootApplication annotation?
(@SpringBootApplication is a convenience annotation that combines @Configuration, @EnableAutoConfiguration, and @ComponentScan annotations, reducing the need for multiple annotations.)
6) What is the Spring Data project and how is it related to Spring Boot?
(Spring Data is another project under the Spring umbrella that provides a consistent and easy way to access various data stores. It can be easily integrated with Spring Boot to handle data persistence without writing boilerplate code.)
7) What is the role of the embedded server in Spring Boot?
(Spring Boot comes with an embedded server, such as Tomcat, Jetty, or Undertow, which can be configured and started with just a single annotation. This eliminates the need for deploying the application to a separate server.)
8) How do you handle database transactions in Spring Boot?
(Transactions can be managed using the @Transactional annotation, which ensures that all database operations within a method happen within a single transaction.)
9) What is the purpose of Spring Boot Actuator?
(Spring Boot Actuator is a module that provides additional production-ready features such as health checks, metrics, and auditing. These features can be used to monitor and manage the application in a production environment.)
10) How do you handle exceptions in a Spring Boot application?
(Exception handling can be handled centrally using the @ControllerAdvice annotation, where a class can be defined to handle exceptions thrown by all the controllers.)
11) What is the use of @RestController in Spring Boot?
(@RestController is a convenience annotation that combines @Controller and @ResponseBody annotations, making it easier to write RESTful web services.)
12) How can you externalize configuration in Spring Boot?
(Configuration can be externalized using properties files, YAML files, or environment variables. Spring Boot will automatically load the configuration from these external sources.)
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13) How do you handle caching in a Spring Boot application?
(Spring Boot provides the Spring Cache abstraction, which can be easily configured to support different caching libraries such as Ehcache or Redis.)
14) Can you define a custom error page in Spring Boot?
(Yes, a custom error page can be defined by creating an HTML or a Thymeleaf template and configuring it with the application's properties file.)
15) What is the difference between @Controller and @RestController in Spring Boot?
(@Controller is used for creating traditional web-based applications, while @RestController is used for creating REST APIs. @RestController automatically converts the return values to JSON/XML format, making it easier to develop APIs.)
16) What is the purpose of the @WebMvcTest annotation in Spring Boot?
(@WebMvcTest allows for testing a specific controller, reducing the need for loading the entire Spring application context during testing.)
17) How do you enable cross-origin resource sharing (CORS) in Spring Boot?
(CORS can be enabled by using the @CrossOrigin annotation on the controller methods or by configuring it globally using the WebMvcConfigurer interface.)
18) What is the recommended way to handle database migrations in a Spring Boot project?
(Spring Boot recommends using the Flyway or Liquibase libraries to handle database migrations. These libraries allow for versioning and executing database scripts automatically during application startup.)
19) How do you secure sensitive properties in a Spring Boot application?
(Sensitive properties such as passwords can be encrypted in the application properties file using the Jasypt library, reducing the risk of exposing sensitive information.)
20) What is the purpose of @SpringBootTest annotation in Spring Boot?
(@SpringBootTest is used for integration testing of Spring Boot applications, where the entire application context is loaded for testing.)
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