Java Basic Questions For Freshers
Essential Java Questions for Freshers
Java is a popular programming language commonly used for developing applications, websites, and mobile apps. As a fresher, some basic questions you may encounter in a Java interview could include the fundamentals of the language, such as the difference between a class and an object, the basic data types, and the concept of inheritance. You may also be asked about your understanding of key concepts like encapsulation, abstraction, and polymorphism. Additionally, basic knowledge of control structures, loops, and arrays may also be explored. It is important to have a good understanding of these fundamental concepts in order to build a strong foundation in Java programming.
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1 - What is Java and its key features?
Java is a popular programming language that is widely used for developing web and mobile applications. It is an object-oriented language, which means it focuses on objects and classes, making it easier to organize and manage code. Some key features of Java include platform independence, robustness, security, and ease of use.
2) What is the difference between Java and JavaScript?
Despite having similar names, Java and JavaScript are two completely different programming languages. Java is a compiled language, whereas JavaScript is an interpreted language. Java is used mainly for web and mobile app development, while JavaScript is used to add functionality and interactivity to websites.
3) What is a class in Java?
A class is a template or blueprint that defines the structure and behavior of an object. It contains variables, methods, and constructors, which are used to create objects. Classes are the building blocks of object-oriented programming in Java.
4) What is an object in Java?
An object is an instance of a class. It has its own identity, behavior, and state. Objects are used to model real-world entities and are essential in implementing the concept of object-oriented programming.
5) What is inheritance in Java?
Inheritance is a key feature of object-oriented programming that allows classes to inherit properties and methods from other classes. This promotes code reuse and makes it easier to manage and organize code.
6) What is the difference between a method and a constructor in Java?
A method is a chunk of code that performs a specific task. It can be called multiple times from different parts of a program. On the other hand, a constructor is a special method that is used to initialize objects. It is called only once during the creation of an object.
7) What is the difference between a static and non-static method in Java?
A static method belongs to the class and can be called directly without creating an instance of the class. It is shared among all objects of a class. A non-static method, also known as an instance method, belongs to a specific object and can only be accessed through an instance of the class.
8) What is a constructor in Java?
A constructor is a special method in Java that is used to initialize the state of an object. It has the same name as the class and is called automatically when an object is created using the ‘new’ keyword.
9) What is the difference between a for loop and a while loop in Java?
A for loop is used to execute a set of statements a specific number of times, whereas a while loop is used to execute a set of statements continuously until a certain condition is met. A for loop has a terminating condition, whereas a while loop has a condition that must evaluate to true for the loop to continue running.
10) What is the difference between a public and private access modifier in Java?
A public access modifier allows a class, method, or variable to be accessed from anywhere in the program. On the other hand, a private access modifier restricts access to only within the class in which it is declared.
11) What is method overloading in Java?
Method overloading is the concept of having multiple methods in a class with the same name but different parameters. This allows for more flexibility and improves code readability.
12) What is the difference between a primitive and a reference type in Java?
Primitive types refer to basic data types, such as int, double, and char, which are stored directly in memory. Reference types, on the other hand, refer to objects, which are stored in the heap memory and are accessed through references.
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13) What is the use of the ‘this’ keyword in Java?
The ‘this’ keyword refers to the current object and is used to differentiate between instance variables and parameters or local variables that have the same name. It is also used to call constructors from within other constructors.
14) What is the difference between a shallow copy and a deep copy?
A shallow copy creates a new object and copies the values from the original object to the new one. If the original object contains references to other objects, the new object will also have references to the same objects. A deep copy creates a new object and recursively copies the values from the original object, including any referenced objects.
15) What is a try-catch block in Java?
A try-catch block is used for exception handling in Java. It allows you to handle and recover from errors or exceptions that may occur during the execution of a program. The code that may throw an exception is placed in the ‘try’ block, and the exception is handled in the ‘catch’ block.
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