Database Interview Questions For Freshers
Top Database Interview Questions for Freshers
Database Interview Questions For Freshers
Database interview questions for freshers typically cover topics such as basic SQL queries, database normalization concepts, database design principles, indexing, transactions, and database management systems. Interviewers may also ask about the differences between various types of databases (e.g. relational, NoSQL), how to optimize database performance, and troubleshooting common database issues. It's important for freshers to have a basic understanding of these concepts and be able to demonstrate their knowledge through practical examples or reasoning during the interview.
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1 - What is a database and what are its types?
A database is a collection of organized data that can be easily accessed, managed, and updated. The two main types of databases are Relational Databases and Non Relational Databases. Relational databases store data in tables using rows and columns, while non relational databases store data in collections of documents, key value pairs, or graphs.
2) What is SQL and what are some commonly used SQL commands?
SQL, which stands for Structured Query Language, is a standard programming language used to manage and manipulate relational databases. Some commonly used SQL commands include SELECT (to retrieve data), INSERT (to add new data), UPDATE (to modify existing data), and DELETE (to remove data).
3) What is Normalization and why is it important in databases?
Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity. It involves breaking down large tables into smaller ones and establishing relationships between them. Normalization helps to avoid anomalies in data storage and ensures efficient database management.
4) What is a primary key and foreign key in a database?
A primary key is a unique identifier for each record in a table, used to ensure data integrity and enforce entity integrity. A foreign key is a field in a table that references the primary key in another table, establishing a relationship between the two tables. Foreign keys help maintain referential integrity between related tables.
5) What are ACID properties in database transactions?
ACID stands for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability, which are properties that guarantee the reliability and integrity of database transactions. Atomicity ensures that all operations within a transaction are completed successfully or rolled back if any fails. Consistency ensures that the database remains in a valid state before and after the transaction. Isolation ensures that concurrent transactions do not interfere with each other. Durability ensures that once a transaction is committed, its changes are permanent and cannot be lost.
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