Java Interview Questions Multithreading
java interview questions: multithreading tips and tricks
Java Interview Questions Multithreading
In Java interviews, multithreading questions often focus on fundamental concepts such as the difference between processes and threads, how to create and manage threads in Java, synchronization, thread safety, and concurrent programming techniques like wait/notify and locks. Interviewers may also ask about thread states, thread priorities, and how to achieve thread synchronization in Java. Candidates are typically expected to demonstrate a good understanding of Java's threading model, the challenges and pitfalls of multithreading, and how to write efficient, robust, and thread-safe code in Java. Prepared candidates should be able to explain different multithreading concepts clearly and discuss scenarios where multithreading is beneficial and best practices for implementing multithreading in Java applications.
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1 - What is multithreading in Java?
Multithreading in Java allows multiple threads to execute concurrently within a single program. This enables better utilization of resources and improved performance.
2) How is a thread created in Java?
A thread can be created in Java by extending the Thread class or implementing the Runnable interface. By creating an instance of the class that extends Thread or implements Runnable, and calling the start() method on it, a new thread is created.
3) What is the difference between extending Thread class and implementing Runnable interface?
When extending the Thread class, the class cannot extend any other class as Java does not support multiple inheritance. On the other hand, implementing the Runnable interface allows the class to extend other classes and use the Runnable instance to create a thread.
4) How can you achieve thread safety in Java?
Thread safety in Java can be achieved by using synchronization. This can be done by using the synchronized keyword, locks from java.util.concurrent package, or using volatile keyword for variables shared between threads.
5) What is the purpose of the wait(), notify(), and notifyAll() methods in Java?
These methods are used for inter thread communication in Java. The wait() method causes a thread to wait until another thread invokes notify() or notifyAll(). The notify() method wakes up a single thread that is waiting on the object, while notifyAll() wakes up all the threads waiting on the object.
6) Explain the concept of deadlock in Java multithreading.
Deadlock occurs when two or more threads are waiting for each other to release resources, resulting in a situation where no thread can make progress. This can lead to a system freeze and needs to be avoided through proper synchronization.
7) What is the significance of the volatile keyword in Java?
The volatile keyword in Java is used to indicate that a variable's value will be modified by different threads. It ensures visibility of changes to the variable across threads and prevents thread specific caching, making the variable's value always up to date.
8) How can you coordinate threads in Java?
Threads in Java can be coordinated using mechanisms like wait(), notify(), and notifyAll(). By using these methods along with synchronization, threads can communicate and coordinate their execution effectively.
9) What is a daemon thread in Java?
A daemon thread in Java is a low priority thread that runs in the background to provide support for other threads. Daemon threads are terminated automatically when all user threads have finished execution.
10) How can you control the execution priority of threads in Java?
The priority of threads in Java can be set using the setPriority() method. Thread priorities range from 1 to 10, with 1 being the lowest and 10 being the highest. Priorities can affect the order in which threads are scheduled by the JVM.
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