Java Full Stack Developer Interview Questions For Freshers
Top Commonly Asked Java Full Stack Developer Interview Questions for Freshers
A Java Full Stack Developer is responsible for developing web applications utilizing both front-end and back-end technologies. As a fresher, you may be asked basic programming questions related to Java, HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, as well as questions about web development concepts, such as authentication, database management, and server-side scripting. Additionally, you may be asked to demonstrate your problem-solving skills, teamwork abilities, and passion for continuous learning and improvement. Being fully prepared with a strong understanding of the technologies and concepts involved in full stack development will greatly increase your chances of success in a Java Full Stack Developer interview.
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1 - What is Java and what are the key features of Java?
Java is a high-level, object-oriented programming language. It is platform-independent, meaning it can run on any operating system with the help of a Java Virtual Machine (JVM). Java is known for its portability, secure and robust nature, and its rich set of libraries and tools for development.
2) What is the difference between a class and an object in Java?
A class is a blueprint or template that defines the behavior and properties of objects. Objects, on the other hand, are instances of a class. In other words, objects can be considered as real-world entities that have characteristics and behavior defined by the class.
3) What is the difference between a constructor and a method?
A constructor is a special type of method used to initialize objects when they are created. It has the same name as the class and does not have a return type. Methods, on the other hand, are used to perform specific tasks and can have different return types.
4) What are the types of inheritance in Java?
Java supports single, multi-level, hierarchical, and hybrid inheritance. Single inheritance is when a class inherits from one superclass, multi-level is when a class inherits from a subclass, hierarchical is when one superclass is inherited by multiple subclasses, and hybrid is a combination of two or more types of inheritance.
5) What is the difference between method overloading and method overriding?
Method overloading is when two or more methods in the same class have the same name but different parameters. Method overriding is when a method in the subclass has the same name and parameters as a method in the superclass, and the subclass method overrides the superclass method.
6) What is the difference between an abstract class and an interface?
An abstract class is a class that cannot be instantiated and can contain both abstract and non-abstract methods. It can also have constructors. Interfaces, on the other hand, can only contain abstract methods and cannot have constructors. A class can implement multiple interfaces, but extend only one abstract class.
7) What is a static method in Java?
A static method is a method that can be called without creating an instance of the class. It belongs to the class and not to any specific object. It is often used to perform common operations, such as mathematical calculations, without the need for object instantiation.
8) What is a final keyword in Java?
The final keyword is used to restrict the modification of a variable, method, or class. A final variable cannot be reassigned a different value, a final method cannot be overridden, and a final class cannot be extended.
9) What are the wrapper classes in Java?
Wrapper classes in Java are used to convert primitive data types into objects and vice versa. They provide methods for working with primitive data types as objects. Examples include Integer, Double, and Boolean.
10) What is a thread in Java?
A thread in Java is a lightweight process that executes independently within a program. It enables multiple tasks to be performed simultaneously, making use of the system's resources efficiently. Threads can be created by implementing the Runnable interface or extending the Thread class.
11) What is the difference between a StringBuffer and a StringBuilder?
StringBuffer and StringBuilder are both used for string manipulation, but the main difference is that StringBuffer is thread-safe while StringBuilder is not. This means that StringBuffer is synchronized and can be used in a multi-threaded environment, while StringBuilder is faster but not suitable for multi-threaded operations.
12) What is exception handling in Java?
Exception handling in Java is the process of handling errors that may occur during program execution. This prevents the program from crashing and allows for graceful error handling. Exceptions can be caught using try-catch blocks and can be classified into checked and unchecked exceptions.
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13) What is a garbage collector?
The garbage collector is a part of the Java Virtual Machine that automatically frees up memory by removing objects that are no longer being referenced. This helps in efficient memory management and prevents memory leaks, where unused objects take up memory space.
14) What is the difference between a HashSet and a TreeSet?
Both HashSet and TreeSet are implementations of the Set interface, but the main difference is that HashSet does not guarantee any specific order of elements, while TreeSet orders the elements in ascending order. HashSet also permits null elements, while TreeSet does not.
15) What is the difference between a HashMap and a Hashtable?
Both HashMap and Hashtable are implementations of the Map interface, but the main difference is that Hashtable is synchronized, making it thread-safe, while HashMap is not. Hashtable also does not permit null keys or values, while HashMap does.
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