Java Basic Interview Questions For Freshers
Essential Java Interview Questions for Freshers
Java Basic Interview Questions For Freshers
In a Java basic interview for freshers, candidates can expect questions related to fundamental concepts such as object-oriented programming principles, data types, control structures, and basic syntax. Interviewers may also inquire about Java features such as inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation, and abstraction, as well as topics like exception handling, multithreading, and collections. It is important for candidates to have a strong grasp of key concepts, be able to explain their code, and demonstrate problem-solving skills through coding exercises or logical reasoning questions. It is also beneficial to showcase familiarity with commonly used tools and frameworks in the Java ecosystem.
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1 - What is Java?
Java is a high level programming language that is platform independent, which means it can run on any platform that has a Java Virtual Machine (JVM). It is widely used for developing web applications, mobile applications, desktop applications, and enterprise applications.
2) Describe the main features of Java.
Java is known for its simplicity, object oriented nature, platform independence, security, and robustness. These features make Java a popular choice for building a wide range of applications.
3) What is the difference between JDK, JRE, and JVM?
JDK (Java Development Kit) is a software development kit used for developing Java applications. It includes tools such as the Java compiler and debugger. JRE (Java Runtime Environment) is the environment in which Java applications are executed. It includes the Java libraries and the JVM. JVM (Java Virtual Machine) is an abstract machine that provides a runtime environment in which Java bytecode can be executed.
4) What is the main difference between == and equals() method in Java?
The == operator is used to compare the reference of object instances, while the equals() method is used to compare the content or values of the objects. In Java, the equals() method is typically overridden in classes to provide custom comparison logic.
5) Explain the concept of inheritance in Java.
Inheritance is a mechanism in Java by which a class can inherit properties and behavior from another class. It promotes code reusability and allows for the creation of a hierarchy of classes. Inheritance is implemented using the ‘extends’ keyword in Java.
6) What is polymorphism and how is it achieved in Java?
Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on different forms based on the context in which it is used. In Java, polymorphism is achieved through method overloading and method overriding. Method overloading allows different methods to have the same name but different parameters, while method overriding involves redefining a method in a subclass.
7) How is exception handling done in Java?
Exception handling in Java is done using try, catch, and finally blocks. The try block contains the code that may throw an exception, the catch block is used to handle the exception if it occurs, and the finally block contains cleanup code that is always executed, regardless of whether an exception is thrown.
8) What is the difference between checked and unchecked exceptions in Java?
Checked exceptions are checked at compile time and must be caught or declared using the ‘throws’ keyword, while unchecked exceptions are not checked at compile time and can be caught or ignored. Checked exceptions are typically used for recoverable errors, while unchecked exceptions are used for unrecoverable errors.
9) Explain the concept of multithreading in Java.
Multithreading is the ability of a program to execute multiple threads concurrently. In Java, multithreading is achieved by extending the Thread class or implementing the Runnable interface. Multithreading is commonly used to improve performance and responsiveness in applications.
10) What is the difference between StringBuffer and StringBuilder in Java?
StringBuffer is a mutable sequence of characters that is thread safe, while StringBuilder is a mutable sequence of characters that is not thread safe. StringBuffer is preferred for use in multithreaded environments, while StringBuilder is more efficient in single threaded environments.
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