Difference Between Final And Static In Java
distinguishing final and static keywords in Java
Difference Between Final And Static In Java
In Java, the ‘final’ keyword is used to declare that a variable or method cannot be changed or overridden, while the ‘static’ keyword is used to define a common property for all instances of a class, such that the property is shared among all instances. So, when a variable or method is declared as ‘final’, its value or implementation cannot be altered, whereas ‘static’ variables or methods are associated with the class itself rather than with individual instances, allowing them to be accessed without creating an object of the class.
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1 - Final in Java:
The keyword ‘final’ is used to declare that a variable, method, or class cannot be modified or extended.
2) Static in Java:
The keyword ‘static’ is used to define a variable or method that belongs to the class itself, rather than to instances of the class.
3) Final variables:
When a variable is declared as final, its value cannot be changed once it is assigned.
Final variables must be initialized either at the time of declaration or in the constructor.
They are often used for constants and for preventing accidental changes to important values.
4) Static variables:
Static variables are shared among all instances of a class and belong to the class rather than an individual object.
They are initialized only once, when the class is loaded into memory.
Static variables are generally used for values that are common to all instances of a class.
5) Final methods:
When a method is declared as final, it cannot be overridden by subclasses.
This can be useful when a method's implementation should not be changed in subclasses.
6) Static methods:
Static methods belong to the class rather than to individual objects, so they can be called without creating an instance of the class.
These methods can access static variables directly, without needing an object reference.
7) Final classes:
When a class is declared as final, it cannot be extended by other classes.
This is useful when the design intent is to prevent subclassing and inheritance.
8) Static classes:
In Java, a class can be declared as static only if it is a nested class.
Static nested classes do not have access to non static members of the outer class, but they can be instantiated without an instance of the outer class.
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In a training program for students, it is important to cover the concepts of final and static in Java as they are fundamental to understanding object oriented programming and the behavior of variables and methods in Java classes. Students should have a good grasp of these concepts to write efficient and robust code.
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