Advanced Php Interview Questions
Expert-Level PHP Interview Questions
Advanced Php Interview Questions
Advanced PHP interview questions are designed to test a candidate's in-depth knowledge of PHP programming. These questions go beyond the basics and delve into more complex topics such as object-oriented programming, database integration, security, performance optimization, and advanced frameworks. Employers ask these questions to assess a candidate's ability to handle real-world scenarios and build robust, scalable, and secure web applications. Some common advanced PHP interview questions include topics such as inheritance, polymorphism, data sanitization, caching, database indexing, and security vulnerabilities. To succeed in an advanced PHP interview, candidates should have a strong understanding of PHP concepts as well as practical experience working with various advanced techniques and tools.
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1 - What is PHP?
PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) is a server side scripting language used for website development. It is a powerful and dynamic language that is widely used for creating dynamic and interactive web pages.
2) What are the main features of PHP?
Some of the main features of PHP include:
Easy to learn and use: PHP has a simple and straightforward syntax, making it easy for beginners to learn.
Cross platform compatibility: PHP can run on various operating systems such as Windows, Linux, and Mac OS.
Open source: PHP is open source software, meaning it is available for free for anyone to use, modify and distribute.
Integration with databases: PHP has the ability to connect to multiple databases, making it suitable for developing dynamic websites.
Object Oriented Programming support: PHP supports OOP concepts, making it more flexible and efficient in coding.
Large community support: PHP has a large and active community, providing support and resources for developers.
3) What is the difference between include() and require()?
The include() and require() functions are used to include other files in PHP. The main difference between them is how they handle errors. If the file being included cannot be found, include() will generate a warning and continue running the script. On the other hand, require() will generate a fatal error and stop the script from running.
4) What is the difference between GET and POST method in PHP?
Both GET and POST are used to send data to the server, but the main differences are:
GET sends data through the URL, while POST sends data through the body of the HTTP request.
GET is limited to the amount of data that can be sent, whereas POST has no such limitations.
GET is less secure as the submitted data is visible in the URL, while POST provides better security as the data is not visible.
5) How can you prevent SQL injection in PHP?
To prevent SQL injection, it is essential to use prepared statements and parameterized queries in PHP. This involves separating the data from the SQL query, eliminating any possibility of malicious code injection.
6) What is the difference between strpos() and strstr()?
Both of these functions are used to find a string within another string, but the main difference is that strpos() returns the position of the first occurrence of the string, while strstr() returns the string from the first occurrence until the end of the string.
7) What is the difference between session and cookie in PHP?
Sessions and cookies are two different ways of storing data on the client side, but they have some key differences:
Cookies are stored on the user's browser, while sessions are stored on the server.
Cookies have an expiration date, and they can be stored on the client side for an extended period. Sessions, on the other hand, are active only as long as the user is on the website.
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Cookies have a size limit of 4KB, while there is no such limit for sessions.
8) What is the use of “echo” and “print” in PHP?
Both “echo” and “print” are used to output data in PHP, but “echo” is a language construct and is slightly faster than print. “Echo” can be used with multiple parameters, whereas print can only handle one argument. In most cases, they can be used interchangeably, but echo is more commonly used.
9) What is the difference between “==” and “===” in PHP?
Both “==” (equal) and “===” (identical) are used for comparison in PHP, but there is a significant difference between them. “==” checks for equal values, while “===” checks for equal values and data types.
10) What is the use of “include_once” and “require_once” in PHP?
“Include_once” and “require_once” are used to include a file in PHP, but they also ensure that the file is included only once. This prevents errors in case the file is included multiple times.
11) How is error handling done in PHP?
In PHP, errors and notices are displayed based on the current error reporting level set in the php.ini file. However, to handle errors gracefully, you can use the error_reporting() function and the try catch block in PHP.
12) What are the different types of debugging techniques available in PHP?
Some commonly used debugging techniques in PHP include:
Printing statement: It involves using echo or print statements to display the value of variables at different points in a program to locate errors.
Debugging tools: There are various tools such as Xdebug, Zend Debugger, and PHP Debug Bar that help in debugging and identifying errors in PHP.
Error reporting and logging: Enabling error reporting and logging in the php.ini file can also help in identifying and fixing errors in PHP.
13) What is a session in PHP?
A session in PHP is a way to store data on the server and associate it with a specific user. It is used to store and access information across multiple pages during a user's visit to a website.
14) What are the different types of arrays in PHP?
Some common types of arrays used in PHP include:
Numeric arrays: This type of array has numeric keys and stores values in a sequential manner.
Associative arrays: In this type, the keys are strings instead of numbers, and they are assigned to specific values.
Multidimensional arrays: These are arrays that contain other arrays as their elements. They can have multiple dimensions, such as 2D or 3D arrays.
15) How can you connect to a MySQL database in PHP?
To connect to a MySQL database in PHP, you can use the mysqli_connect() or PDO methods, with the required parameters such as server name, username, password, and database name. After establishing the connection, you can execute SQL queries to retrieve or manipulate data from the database.
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