Selenium Tricky Interview Questions For Experienced
Selenium Tricky Interview Questions For Experienced Professionals
Selenium Tricky Interview Questions For Experienced
Selenium Tricky Interview Questions for Experienced are important questions that are asked to test the deep understanding and knowledge of Selenium framework. These questions are designed to assess the experience and expertise of the candidate in using Selenium for web automation testing. They can cover a wide range of topics such as advanced Selenium features, handling complex scenarios, debugging, cross-browser testing, etc. These questions are designed to challenge the candidate's problem-solving skills, analytical abilities, and attention to detail. It is important for experienced Selenium professionals to be well-prepared for these tricky questions to showcase their expertise and stand out in the competitive job market.
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1 - What are implicit and explicit waits in Selenium WebDriver?
When using Selenium WebDriver, there are two types of waits that can be implemented implicit and explicit. Implicit wait is a global setting that sets a wait time for all elements on a page before throwing an exception. This is helpful for cases where elements may not be immediately available on the page. On the other hand, explicit wait is used to wait for a specific element to become available or perform a certain action before proceeding with the test. It allows for more control over which elements to wait for, with a customizable timeout period.
2) How do you handle dynamic web elements in Selenium?
Dynamic web elements are elements on a webpage that change their attributes such as ID, class, or name during runtime. This makes it challenging to locate and interact with them using traditional methods. To handle dynamic web elements, a common approach is to use XPath or CSS selectors that target a specific property of the element rather than its absolute location. This will allow the test script to find and interact with the element regardless of its changing attributes.
3) What is a Page Object Model?
Page Object Model (POM) is a design pattern used in Selenium to organize and maintain the elements of a webpage. It involves creating a separate class for each webpage that contains the locators and methods to interact with the elements on that page. This helps in making the test script more readable and easy to maintain. Any modifications to the elements on a page can be done in the respective page class, rather than making changes to every test that interacts with those elements.
4) How do you handle browser notifications in Selenium?
When a webpage contains browser notifications, they can interrupt the execution of the test and cause it to fail. To handle browser notifications in Selenium, we can use the `switchTo()` method to switch to the active alert and either accept or dismiss it. This can be done using the `accept()` or `dismiss()` methods. Another approach is to disable browser notifications by setting the ` disable notifications` flag in the browser options.
5) How do you handle synchronization issues in Selenium?
Synchronization is crucial in Selenium as it ensures that the test script waits for the page to load or a certain element to become available before interacting with it. To handle synchronization issues, we can use the `implicitlyWait()` method to set a wait time for all elements on the page. Additionally, we can use explicit waits to wait for specific elements or conditions before proceeding with the test. Using proper wait strategies can prevent common synchronization issues such as `ElementNotVisible` or `StaleElementException`.
6) What is TestNG and how is it beneficial in Selenium?
TestNG is a testing framework used for writing and executing automated tests in Java. It allows for the creation of test classes, groups, and suites with customizable annotations to define test methods and their order of execution. TestNG also provides various reporting options to track the test execution and analyze the results. This makes TestNG a popular choice for writing automated tests in Selenium.
7) How do you handle multiple windows in Selenium?
To handle multiple windows in Selenium, we can use the `getWindowHandles()` method to retrieve a set of window handles. The first window handle in the set will belong to the main window, and the remaining ones will correspond to the child windows. We can switch between windows using the `switchTo().window()` method by passing in the window handle as a parameter. Additionally, we can also use the `close()` and `quit()` methods to close or exit the browser window.
8) What is cross browser testing and how can it be achieved in Selenium?
Cross browser testing is the process of verifying that a website or web application looks and functions correctly on different browsers and devices. In Selenium, we can achieve cross browser testing by using browser specific drivers such as ChromeDriver, FirefoxDriver, InternetExplorerDriver, etc. These drivers provide the necessary communication between the Selenium test script and the browser.
9) How do you handle frames in Selenium?
Frames, also known as iframes, are used to embed content from one webpage into another, such as a video or a map. To handle frames in Selenium, we can use the `switchTo().frame()` method to switch the focus to the frame and interact with its elements. Once done, we can switch back to the main window using the `switchTo().defaultContent()` method.
10) How do you handle SSL errors in Selenium?
When accessing websites with SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) certificates, we may encounter SSL errors if the website's security certificate is not valid or has expired. To handle these errors in Selenium, we can use the `setAcceptInsecureCerts()` method to ignore SSL errors. Additionally, we can also set the browser options to trust all certificates using the `setAcceptAllCertificates()` method.
11) What is the use of Desired Capabilities in Selenium?
Desired Capabilities is a class in Selenium that allows for customizing and defining the environment or browser settings for the test run. It can be used to set properties such as browser name, browser version, operating system, and other parameters that determine the capabilities of the browser. This enables Selenium to run tests on different browsers or versions with specific configurations.
12) How do you debug a failed test case in Selenium?
To debug a failed test case in Selenium, we can use the `driver.getPageSource()` method to print the HTML code of the webpage at the time of failure. We can also use browser developer tools to analyze the network requests and identify any errors or issues. Additionally, we can try running the test step by step and use breakpoints to inspect the values of variables at each step.
13) What is the use of the `Select` class in Selenium?
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The `Select` class in Selenium is used to work with dropdowns, lists, and multi select elements. It provides methods to select, deselect, and retrieve options from these elements. It also supports various operations such as selecting options by index, value, or visible text, getting all selected options, getting the first selected option, etc.
14) How do you handle keyboard and mouse events in Selenium?
To handle keyboard and mouse events in Selenium, we can use the `Actions` class. It provides methods such as `sendKeys()`, `click()`, `doubleClick()`, `moveToElement()`, etc., to simulate keyboard and mouse actions. It also supports advanced interactions such as drag and drop, right click, and hovering over an element.
15) What is the use of the `headless` mode in Selenium?
The `headless` mode in Selenium allows for running automated tests without opening a browser window. This can improve the speed and efficiency of test execution, especially in cases where the visual appearance of the page is not critical. It also helps in running tests in a background server environment where a browser is not available.
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